/*BEGIN_LEGAL 
Intel Open Source License 

Copyright (c) 2002-2014 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved.
 
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:

Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.  Redistributions
in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or
other materials provided with the distribution.  Neither the name of
the Intel Corporation nor the names of its contributors may be used to
endorse or promote products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission.
 
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE INTEL OR
ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
END_LEGAL */
/*! @file
 * This test application verifies that Pin on Windows correctly handles 
 * thread suspension and thread termination system calls. The application must 
 * be run with the "suspend_win" tool.
 */

#define _WIN32_WINNT 0x0400 // Needed for SignalObjectAndWait()

#include <string>
#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
using namespace std;

// Auto-reset event. It is signaled when a thread is about to start. 
HANDLE StartEvent;

// Manual-reset event. It is signaled when a thread is allowed to start.
HANDLE AllowStartEvent;

//==========================================================================
// Printing utilities
//==========================================================================
string UnitTestName("suspend_win");
string FunctionTestName;

static void StartFunctionTest(const string & functionTestName)
{
    if (FunctionTestName != "")
    {
        cerr << UnitTestName << "[" << FunctionTestName  << "] Success" << endl;
    }
    FunctionTestName = functionTestName;
}

static void ExitUnitTest()
{
    if (FunctionTestName != "")
    {
        cerr << UnitTestName << "[" << FunctionTestName  << "] Success" << endl;
    }
    cerr << UnitTestName << " : Completed successfully" << endl;
    exit(0);
}

static void Abort(const string & msg)
{
    cerr << UnitTestName << "[" << FunctionTestName  << "] Failure: " << msg << endl;
    exit(1);
}

//==========================================================================
// Check the tool presence
//==========================================================================
typedef int (*FP_IsToolPresent)(volatile int *);
extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) int IsToolPresent(volatile int *);
volatile FP_IsToolPresent fpIsToolPresent = IsToolPresent;
volatile int IsTool = 0; 

/*!
 * The tool intercepts this routine and sets <isTool> to 1.
 */
static int IsToolPresent(volatile int * pIsTool)
{
    return *pIsTool;
}


//==========================================================================
// Function test A)
//==========================================================================
typedef void (*FP_SleepInTool)(volatile int *);
extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) void SleepInTool(volatile int *);
volatile FP_SleepInTool fpSleepInTool = SleepInTool;
volatile int InTool = 0;

/*!
 * The tool intercepts this routine, sets <InTool> to 1 and sleeps some time 
 * on entry to this function.
 */
static void SleepInTool(volatile int * pInTool)
{
    *pInTool = 0;
}

/*!
 * The thread start routine.
 */
static DWORD WINAPI ThreadA(void * )
{
    SetEvent(StartEvent);
    while (TRUE)
    {
        // Call this dummy function through a volatile pointer to ensure the 
        // compiler doesn't inline it.
        fpSleepInTool(&InTool);
    }
    return 0;
}

//==========================================================================
// Function test C)
//==========================================================================
typedef void (*FP_DoFlush)();
extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) void DoFlush();
volatile FP_DoFlush fpDoFlush = DoFlush;

typedef void (*FP_CheckFlush)(volatile int *);
extern "C" __declspec(dllexport) void CheckFlush(volatile int *);
volatile FP_CheckFlush fpCheckFlush = CheckFlush;

volatile int InLoop = 0;
volatile int CodeCacheFlushed = 0;

void DoFlush()
{
    // The tool intercepts this routine to flush the code cache.
}

void CheckFlush(volatile int * )
{
    // The tool intercepts this routine and sets <CodeCacheFlushed> to 1 if 
    // the code cache was flushed.
}

/*!
 * The thread start routine.
 */
static DWORD WINAPI ThreadC(void * )
{
    SetEvent(StartEvent);
    while (TRUE)
    {
        InLoop = 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

//==========================================================================
// Function test F)
//==========================================================================
/*!
 * The thread start routine.
 */
static DWORD WINAPI ThreadF(void * )
{
    SignalObjectAndWait(StartEvent, AllowStartEvent, INFINITE, FALSE);
    return 0;
}

//==========================================================================
// Function test G)
//==========================================================================
/*!
 * The thread start routine.
 */
static DWORD WINAPI ThreadG(void * )
{
    SetEvent(StartEvent);
    SuspendThread(GetCurrentThread());
    return 0;
}

//==========================================================================
// Function test M)
//==========================================================================
volatile LONG ThreadMEntryCount = 0;
volatile LONG ThreadMExitCount = 0;

/*!
 * The thread start routine.
 */
static DWORD WINAPI ThreadM(void * pTargetThread)
{

    SignalObjectAndWait(StartEvent, AllowStartEvent, INFINITE, FALSE);

    const char * err = 0;
    HANDLE hTargetThread = *(HANDLE *)pTargetThread;

    // Wait for other ThreadM to enter the loop
    if (InterlockedIncrement(&ThreadMEntryCount) != 2)
    {
        while (ThreadMEntryCount != 2) {;}
    }

    for (int i =0; i< 3; i++)
    {
        DWORD suspendCount;
        suspendCount = SuspendThread(hTargetThread);
        if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {err = "SuspendThread failed"; break;}
        if (suspendCount != 0) {err = "Unexpected suspend count in SuspendThread"; break;}

        suspendCount = ResumeThread(hTargetThread);
        if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {err = "ResumeThread failed"; break;}
        if (suspendCount != 1) {err = "Unexpected suspend count in ResumeThread"; break;}
    }

    // Wait for other ThreadM to complete the loop
    if (InterlockedIncrement(&ThreadMExitCount) != 2)
    {
        while (ThreadMExitCount != 2) {;}
    }

    if (err != 0) {Abort(err);}
    return 0;
}


/*!
 * The main procedure of the application.
 */
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    BOOL bStatus;
    DWORD dwStatus;
    HANDLE hThread;
    DWORD suspendCount;

    StartEvent      = CreateEvent(0, FALSE, FALSE, 0);
    AllowStartEvent = CreateEvent(0, TRUE, FALSE, 0);

    // Check to see if the tool is present
    IsToolPresent(&IsTool);

    //============================================================================ 
    // A) Verify that Pin does not suspend threads in analysis routines
    //============================================================================ 
    StartFunctionTest("A");

    // Create a thread that calls to a dummy function in an infinite loop.
    // The function is instrumented by the tool, that sleeps some time on each
    // function call. Try to suspend the thread while it is sleeping in the tool.
    // Pin should postpone suspension till the thread returns from the tool's
    // routine.
    hThread = CreateThread(0, 0, ThreadA, 0, 0, 0);
    if (hThread == 0) {Abort("CreateThread failed");}

    // Wait until the new thread starts running 
    WaitForSingleObject(StartEvent, INFINITE);

    for (int i =0; i< 3; i++)
    {
        // Wait until the thread enters the sleeping routine in the tool and then
        // suspend the thread.

        while (IsTool && (InTool == 0))
        {
            Sleep(0);
        }

        suspendCount = SuspendThread(hThread);
        if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("SuspendThread failed");}
        if (suspendCount != 0) {Abort("Unexpected suspend count in SuspendThread");}
        if (InTool != 0) {Abort("The thread is suspended in the tool");}

        // Resume the thread and check the suspension count
        suspendCount = ResumeThread(hThread);
        if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("ResumeThread failed");}
        if (suspendCount != 1) {Abort("Unexpected suspend count in ResumeThread");}
    }

    //============================================================================ 
    // B) Verify that Pin does not terminate threads in analysis routines
    //============================================================================ 
    StartFunctionTest("B");

    while (IsTool && (InTool == 0))
    {
        Sleep(0);
    }
    bStatus = TerminateThread(hThread, 0);
    if (bStatus == 0) {Abort("TerminateThread failed");}
    if (InTool != 0) {Abort("The thread is terminated in the tool");}

    // Wait some time before checking the thread state. TerminateThread() kills 
    // threads asynchronously.
    dwStatus = WaitForSingleObject(hThread, 5000); 
    if (dwStatus != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {Abort("The thread is not terminated");}

    CloseHandle(hThread);

    //============================================================================ 
    // C) Verify that Pin does not suspend threads in the code cache and the 
    // CC flush is possible when a thread is suspended.
    //============================================================================ 
    StartFunctionTest("C");

    // Create a thread that loops infinitely in the code cache and suspend
    // the thread somewhere in the middle. 
    // Cause the tool to flush the code cache and then check if the flush happened.
    // Pin pokes the thread out of the code cache before suspension and removes the 
    // thread from generation counts. This should allow CC flush during the thread
    // suspension.

    hThread = CreateThread(0, 0, ThreadC, 0, 0, 0);
    if (hThread == 0) {Abort("CreateThread failed");}

    // Wait until the new thread enters the loop
    WaitForSingleObject(StartEvent, INFINITE);
    while (!InLoop)
    {
        Sleep(0);
    }

    // Suspend the thread
    suspendCount = SuspendThread(hThread);
    if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("SuspendThread failed");}
    if (suspendCount != 0) {Abort("Unexpected suspend count in SuspendThread");}

    // Call these dummy functions through volatile pointers to ensure the 
    // compiler doesn't inline them.
    fpDoFlush();
    fpCheckFlush(&CodeCacheFlushed);
    if (IsTool && (CodeCacheFlushed == 0)) {Abort("The code cache was not flushed");}

    //============================================================================ 
    // D) Verify that Pin correctly terminates suspended threads
    //============================================================================ 
    StartFunctionTest("D");

    bStatus = TerminateThread(hThread, 0);
    if (bStatus == 0) {Abort("TerminateThread failed");}

    // Wait some time before checking the thread state. TerminateThread() kills 
    // threads asynchronously.
    dwStatus = WaitForSingleObject(hThread, 5000);
    if (dwStatus != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {Abort("The thread is not terminated");}

    CloseHandle(hThread);

    //============================================================================ 
    // E) Verify that Pin correctly suspends and terminates threads that are not 
    //    yet started.
    //============================================================================ 
    StartFunctionTest("E");

    // Create a thread in the suspended state
    hThread = CreateThread(0, 0, ThreadC, 0, CREATE_SUSPENDED, 0);
    if (hThread == 0) {Abort("CreateThread failed");}

    // Suspend the thread one more time and check the suspension count
    suspendCount = SuspendThread(hThread);
    if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("SuspendThread failed");}
    if (suspendCount != 1) {Abort("Unexpected suspend count in SuspendThread");}

    // Terminate the thread that has not run yet
    bStatus = TerminateThread(hThread, 0);
    if (bStatus == 0) {Abort("TerminateThread failed");}

    dwStatus = WaitForSingleObject(hThread, 5000); 
    if (dwStatus != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {Abort("The thread is not terminated");}

    CloseHandle(hThread);

    //============================================================================ 
    // F) Verify that Pin correctly suspends and terminates threads that are 
    //    blocked in a system call.
    //============================================================================ 
    StartFunctionTest("F");

    // Create a thread that blocks itself in a system call. Suspend and terminate 
    // the blocked thread.

    ResetEvent(AllowStartEvent);
    hThread = CreateThread(0, 0, ThreadF, 0, 0, 0);
    if (hThread == 0) {Abort("CreateThread failed");}

    // Wait until the new thread hangs in a system call
    WaitForSingleObject(StartEvent, INFINITE);

    // Suspend the thread
    suspendCount = SuspendThread(hThread);
    if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("SuspendThread failed");}
    if (suspendCount != 0) {Abort("Unexpected suspend count in SuspendThread");}

    // Resume the thread. It is still blocked on AllowStartEvent!
    suspendCount = ResumeThread(hThread);
    if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("ResumeThread failed");}
    if (suspendCount != 1) {Abort("Unexpected suspend count in ResumeThread");}

    // Terminate the thread that is blocked in a system call
    bStatus = TerminateThread(hThread, 0);
    if (bStatus == 0) {Abort("TerminateThread failed");}

    dwStatus = WaitForSingleObject(hThread, 5000); 
    if (dwStatus != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {Abort("The thread is not terminated");}

    CloseHandle(hThread);

    //============================================================================ 
    // G) Verify that Pin correctly handles the thread self-suspension.
    //============================================================================ 
    StartFunctionTest("G");

    // Create a thread and wait until it suspends itself. Then, resume the thread.
    hThread = CreateThread(0, 0, ThreadG, 0, 0, 0);
    if (hThread == 0) {Abort("CreateThread failed");}

    WaitForSingleObject(StartEvent, INFINITE);
    while (TRUE)
    {
        Sleep(5);
        suspendCount = SuspendThread(hThread);
        if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("SuspendThread failed");}
        if (suspendCount != 0) 
        {
            if (suspendCount != 1) {Abort("Unexpected suspend count in SuspendThread");}
            break;
        } 

        suspendCount = ResumeThread(hThread);
        if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("ResumeThread failed");}
    }
    suspendCount = ResumeThread(hThread);
    if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("ResumeThread#1 failed");}
    if (suspendCount != 2) {Abort("Unexpected suspend count in ResumeThread");}

    suspendCount = ResumeThread(hThread);
    if (suspendCount == DWORD(-1)) {Abort("ResumeThread#2 failed");}
    if (suspendCount != 1) {Abort("Unexpected suspend count in ResumeThread");}

    dwStatus = WaitForSingleObject(hThread, 60000); 
    if (dwStatus != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {Abort("The thread is not resumed");}

    CloseHandle(hThread);

    //============================================================================ 
    // M) Verify that mutual suspension does not cause deadlock.
    //============================================================================ 

    // Apparently, this test works fine under Pin but causes deadlock when
    // executed natively.
    // It seems that Windows kernel suspends both threads if they try to suspend 
    // each other and issue SuspendThread system calls simultaneously.
    // Leave this test for internal Pin debugging only.

    if ((argc == 2) && (string(argv[1]) == "-dbg"))
    {
        StartFunctionTest("M");
        // Create two threads that simultaneously attempt to suspend/resume each 
        // other. Both threads should exit successfully if not deadlocked.

        HANDLE hThread[2];
        ResetEvent(AllowStartEvent);

        hThread[0] = CreateThread(0, 0, ThreadM, &(hThread[1]), 0, 0);
        if (hThread[0] == 0) {Abort("CreateThread[0] failed");}
        WaitForSingleObject(StartEvent, INFINITE);

        hThread[1] = CreateThread(0, 0, ThreadM, &(hThread[0]), 0, 0);
        if (hThread[1] == 0) {Abort("CreateThread[1] failed");}
        WaitForSingleObject(StartEvent, INFINITE);

        // Start the threads
        SetEvent(AllowStartEvent);

        // Wait 1 minute or until both threads exit
        dwStatus = WaitForMultipleObjects(2, hThread, TRUE, 60000);
        if (dwStatus == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
        {
            Abort("The threads appear to be deadlocked");
        }
        else if (dwStatus == WAIT_FAILED) 
        {
            Abort("WaitForMultipleObjects failed");
        }

        CloseHandle(hThread[0]);
        CloseHandle(hThread[1]);
    }

    //============================================================================ 
    ExitUnitTest();

    return 0;
}
